25 most important MCQ questions with answers and short explanation on “Disease of Tomato and their management”
- What is the causal agent of Early Blight in tomatoes?
a) Alternaria solani
b) Phytophthora infestans
c) Ralstonia solanacearum
d) Fusarium oxysporum
Answer: a) Alternaria solani
Explanation: Early blight is primarily caused by the fungus Alternaria solani, which leads to leaf spots and premature leaf drop. - Which disease is characterized by wilting and brown discoloration of vascular tissues?
a) Blossom end rot
b) Bacterial wilt
c) Late blight
d) Powdery mildew
Answer: b) Bacterial wilt
Explanation: Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, leads to rapid wilting and browning of vascular tissues. - What deficiency causes Blossom End Rot in tomatoes?
a) Magnesium
b) Calcium
c) Nitrogen
d) Potassium
Answer: b) Calcium
Explanation: Blossom end rot is primarily due to calcium deficiency, affecting the fruit’s development. - Which insect is a vector for Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV)?
a) Aphids
b) Whiteflies
c) Spider mites
d) Thrips
Answer: b) Whiteflies
Explanation: Whiteflies are known vectors for the Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus, which causes significant yield loss. - What is the primary management strategy for Late Blight?
a) Crop rotation
b) Fungicide application
c) Soil amendment
d) Irrigation management
Answer: b) Fungicide application
Explanation: Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is managed effectively through timely fungicide applications. - Which of the following diseases is caused by a nematode?
a) Root-knot disease
b) Late blight
c) Fusarium wilt
d) Septoria leaf spot
Answer: a) Root-knot disease
Explanation: Root-knot disease is caused by root-knot nematodes that form galls on tomato roots. - What symptom indicates Tomato Mosaic Virus infection?
a) Leaf curl and yellowing
b) Wilting and browning stems
c) Dark spots on leaves
d) Fruit cracking
Answer: a) Leaf curl and yellowing
Explanation: TMV causes mottled leaves, yellowing, and curling, affecting plant vigor. - Which cultural practice helps reduce the incidence of soil-borne diseases in tomatoes?
a) Monocropping
b) Crop rotation
c) Overwatering
d) High-density planting
Answer: b) Crop rotation
Explanation: Crop rotation with non-solanaceous crops helps break disease cycles in soil. - What is the cause of Catface disorder in tomatoes?
a) Nutrient deficiency
b) Environmental stress
c) Viral infection
d) Fungal infection
Answer: b) Environmental stress
Explanation: Catface is caused by environmental stresses during fruit development, leading to malformed fruit. - Which tomato variety is resistant to bacterial wilt?
a) Roma
b) Kewalo
c) Big Beef
d) Better Boy
Answer: b) Kewalo
Explanation: Kewalo has shown partial resistance to bacterial wilt. - What management practice can prevent fruit cracking in tomatoes?
a) Regular irrigation
b) High nitrogen fertilization
c) Low light exposure
d) High density planting
Answer: a) Regular irrigation
Explanation: Consistent soil moisture can help prevent fruit cracking caused by fluctuations in water availability. - Which pathogen causes Southern Blight in tomatoes?
a) Sclerotium rolfsii
b) Fusarium oxysporum
c) Rhizoctonia solani
d) Pythium spp.
Answer: a) Sclerotium rolfsii
Explanation: Southern Blight is caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, leading to wilting and decay at the base of the plant. - Which physiological disorder results from excessive moisture fluctuation?
a) Blossom end rot
b) Fruit cracking
c) Sunscald
d) Puffiness
Answer: b) Fruit cracking
Explanation: Fluctuations in moisture levels can lead to radial and concentric cracking in tomato fruits. - What is the best way to manage Powdery Mildew on tomatoes?
a) Increase humidity
b) Apply sulfur fungicides
c) Use high nitrogen fertilizers
d) Water frequently
Answer: b) Apply sulfur fungicides
Explanation: Sulfur fungicides are effective against Powdery Mildew, which thrives in dry conditions. - Which tomato disease is characterized by dark lesions on leaves and stems?
a) Late blight
b) Septoria leaf spot
c) Bacterial speck
d) Early blight
Answer: d) Early blight
Explanation: Early blight causes dark lesions on leaves and stems due to Alternaria solani infection. - How can you control Tomato Fruit Worm?
a) Chemical pesticides only
b) Handpicking larvae
c) Crop rotation only
d) Ignoring it
Answer: b) Handpicking larvae
Explanation: Handpicking larvae can help reduce their population before they cause significant damage. - Which nutrient deficiency leads to yellowing between leaf veins (interveinal chlorosis)?
a) Nitrogen
b) Iron
c) Potassium
d) Magnesium
Answer: b) Iron
Explanation: Iron deficiency causes interveinal chlorosis while leaf veins remain green. - What type of virus causes Tomato Spotted Wilt?
a) RNA virus
b) DNA virus
c) Bacteriophage
d ) Fungal virus
Answer: a ) RNA virus
Explanation: Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV), an RNA virus, affects various crops including tomatoes. - Which method is NOT effective for controlling fungal diseases in tomatoes?
a ) Sanitation practices
b ) Overhead irrigation
c ) Resistant varieties
d ) Crop rotation
Answer: b ) Overhead irrigation
Explanation: Overhead irrigation can promote fungal diseases by keeping foliage wet. - What does the term “catfacing” refer to in tomato cultivation?
a ) A type of pest damage
b ) A physiological disorder
c ) A viral infection
d ) A nutritional deficiency
Answer: b ) A physiological disorder
Explanation: Catfacing refers to malformed fruit due to environmental stress during development. - Which tomato disease can be managed through grafting onto resistant rootstocks?
a ) Blossom end rot
b ) Bacterial wilt
c ) Late blight
d ) Powdery mildew
Answer: b ) Bacterial wilt
Explanation: Grafting onto resistant rootstocks can provide effective management for bacterial wilt. - What is the primary symptom of Fusarium Wilt in tomatoes?
a ) Leaf curling
b ) Yellowing of lower leaves
c ) Brown streaks on stems
d ) Wilting of entire plant
Answer: d ) Wilting of entire plant
Explanation: Fusarium wilt typically results in rapid wilting of the entire plant due to vascular blockage. - Which practice helps reduce nematode populations in tomato fields?
a ) Planting cover crops
b ) Frequent tillage
c ) Overwatering
d ) High nitrogen fertilization
Answer: a ) Planting cover crops
Explanation: Certain cover crops can help suppress nematode populations when incorporated into the soil. - What type of irrigation method helps prevent fungal diseases in tomatoes?
a ) Drip irrigation
b ) Flood irrigation
c ) Sprinkler irrigation
d ) Surface irrigation
Answer: a ) Drip irrigation
Explanation: Drip irrigation minimizes leaf wetness, reducing the risk of fungal infections. - Which tomato cultivar is known for its resistance to multiple diseases including bacterial wilt and fusarium wilt?
a ) Celebrity hybrid
b ) Brandywine
c ) Roma
d ) San Marzano
Answer: a ) Celebrity hybrid
Explanation: Celebrity hybrid is noted for its resistance to several common tomato diseases.