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Welcome to our Horticulture Quiz! This set of multiple-choice questions is designed to test your knowledge and understanding of the horticulture DSSSB Assistant Director Exam. Whether you’re a student preparing for exams, a professional in the field, or simply an enthusiast, this quiz will cover a wide range of topics, from plant science and soil management to pest control and modern horticultural practices. Get ready to challenge yourself and see how well you know the fascinating world of horticulture!
PART – 01
#Q-01) Which garden is regarded as genesis of gardening?
A) Hampshire
B) Osaka
C) Eden
D) Brindavan
#Q-02) Osaka garden is located in which of the following country?
A) China
B) South Korea
C) Japan
D) UK
#Q-03) Vatsyana did not describe which of the following garden?
A) Pramadodyan
B) Nandanvana
C) Passage garden
D) Vrikshavatika
#Q-04) Gardens at Nalanda and Takshila were developed during the period of-
A) Mughal
B) Aryan
C) Budhist
D) None of these
#Q-05) First Islamic garden in India was developed by-
A) Ferozshah
B) Jahangir
C) Akbar
D) Babar
#Q-06) The paradise garden ‘Char Bagh’ is situated in which of the following country?
A) Turkey
B) Iran
C) Pakistan
D) India
Explanation:
The Char Bagh, also known as Chahar Bagh or Chaharbagh, is a traditional Persian and Mughal garden layout. The term “Char Bagh” means “four gardens” in Persian, reflecting the garden’s distinctive quadrilateral design. Here are some key features and historical aspects of the Char Bagh garden:
Key Features
- Quadrilateral Layout:
- The garden is divided into four sections by walkways or flowing water channels.
- These sections are often symmetrical, representing an idealized version of paradise.
- Water Elements:
- Central water features such as fountains, pools, or canals are common, symbolizing the four rivers of Paradise in Islamic culture.
- The water is used for both practical irrigation purposes and aesthetic appeal.
- Symmetry and Geometry:
- Symmetry and geometric patterns are crucial, with pathways often intersecting at right angles.
- The design creates a sense of order and tranquility.
- Plantings:
- Gardens typically include a variety of flowers, trees, and shrubs, chosen for their beauty and fragrance.
- Citrus trees, roses, and jasmine are common plant choices.
- Pavilions and Terraces:
- Structures like pavilions and terraces often feature in the garden, providing shaded areas to enjoy the surroundings.
- These structures can be intricately decorated with carvings and inlays.
Historical Examples
- Taj Mahal Gardens (India):
- The gardens surrounding the Taj Mahal in Agra are a famous example of the Char Bagh layout.
- These gardens enhance the mausoleum’s beauty and provide a serene environment.
- Humayun’s Tomb (India):
- Located in Delhi, the gardens of Humayun’s Tomb are another prominent example.
- The layout reflects the Mughal emphasis on garden design as an integral part of architecture.
- Shalimar Gardens (Pakistan):
- Situated in Lahore, these gardens are a testament to Mughal garden artistry.
- The Shalimar Gardens feature terraces, water channels, and a variety of plants and trees.
- Bagh-e Fin (Iran):
- Located in Kashan, Iran, Bagh-e Fin is a classic Persian garden that follows the Char Bagh design.
- It includes water features fed by natural springs and lush greenery.
Significance:
- Symbolism: Char Bagh gardens often symbolize paradise and the idea of a perfect, harmonious space.
- Cultural Influence: The design reflects the synthesis of Persian, Islamic, and Mughal cultural influences.
- Aesthetic Appeal: These gardens are celebrated for their beauty, symmetry, and use of natural elements to create a peaceful environment.
#Q-07) Bagh e Wafa and Bagh e Kakan gardens were developed by?
A) Ferozshah
B) Babur
C) Akbar
D) Humayun
#Q-08) Taj Mahal was built by?
A) Nur Jahan
B) Shah Jahan
C) Jahangir
D) Akbar
#Q-09) Dilkhusha garden of Lahore was built by?
A) Shah Jahan
B) Jahangir
C) Fadia Khan
D) Akbar
#Q-10) Moorish garden style was developed by?
A) France
B) Germany
C) Spain
D) Iran
#Q-11) Baradari garden of Patiala was developed by?
A) Bhupinder Singh
B) Ranjeet Singh
C) Fadai Khan
D) Sansaar Chand
*Note: In some texts, it is mentioned as Maharaja Rajender Singh
#Q-12) Royal Botanical Garden Kew located in—–
A) USA
B) England
C) Australia
D) Germany
Q-13) Which type of garden is specifically designed to grow fruits, vegetables, and herbs?
a) Rock Garden
b) Kitchen Garden
c) Zen Garden
d) Water Garden
Answer: b) Kitchen Garden
Explanation: A kitchen garden, also known as a vegetable garden or potager, is specifically designed for growing fruits, vegetables, and herbs for household consumption.
Q-14) Which type of garden often features sand, rocks, and minimalistic plantings, inspired by Japanese culture?
a) Botanical Garden
b) Zen Garden
c) Rose Garden
d) Terraced Garden
Answer: b) Zen Garden
Explanation: A Zen garden, also known as a Japanese rock garden or karesansui, emphasizes simplicity and meditation with elements like sand, rocks, and sparse plantings.
Q-15) Which type of garden focuses on the aesthetic arrangement of plants and natural elements to create a picturesque landscape?
a) Formal Garden
b) Wildlife Garden
c) Landscape Garden
d) Community Garden
Answer: c) Landscape Garden
Explanation: A landscape garden, also known as a landscape park, is designed to create a picturesque scene using a variety of plants and natural elements, often imitating natural landscapes.
Q-16) Which type of garden is designed to attract and support wildlife, such as birds, insects, and small mammals?
a) Tropical Garden
b) Wildlife Garden
c) Succulent Garden
d) Container Garden
Answer: b) Wildlife Garden
Explanation: A wildlife garden is created to attract and support local wildlife by providing food, shelter, and habitats for birds, insects, and other small animals.
Q-17) What is the primary characteristic of a formal garden?
a) Random plant arrangement
b) Symmetrical and geometric design
c) Use of tropical plants
d) Minimal maintenance
Answer: b) Symmetrical and geometric design
Explanation: Formal gardens are characterized by their symmetrical and geometric layout, often featuring neatly trimmed hedges, paths, and precise plant arrangements.
Q-18) Which type of garden incorporates the use of water features like ponds, streams, and fountains?a) Rock Garden
b) Water Garden
c) Herb Garden
d) Butterfly Garden
Answer: b) Water Garden
Explanation: A water garden features various water elements such as ponds, streams, fountains, and aquatic plants, creating a serene and visually appealing environment.
Q-19) Which type of garden is typically created on multiple levels to deal with sloped terrain and erosion control?
a) Zen Garden
b) Terrace Garden
c) Vertical Garden
d) Container Garden
Answer: b) Terrace Garden
Explanation: Terrace gardens are built on sloped terrain, using multiple levels or terraces to prevent soil erosion and make effective use of hilly or uneven land.
Q-20) Which garden type is known for its diverse collection of plant species and often used for educational and research purposes?
a) Botanical Garden
b) Kitchen Garden
c) Community Garden
d) Formal Garden
Answer: a) Botanical Garden
Explanation: Botanical gardens feature a wide variety of plant species and are often used for conservation, education, and research, showcasing diverse plant collections.
Q-21) Which garden type uses containers for growing plants, making it ideal for small spaces or urban settings?
a) Rock Garden
b) Container Garden
c) Butterfly Garden
d) Tropical Garden
Answer: b) Container Garden
Explanation: Container gardens utilize pots, planters, and other containers to grow plants, making them suitable for small spaces, balconies, and urban areas.
Q-22) What type of garden is specifically designed to attract butterflies by providing nectar-rich plants?
a) Water Garden
b) Butterfly Garden
c) Herb Garden
d) Tropical Garden
Answer: b) Butterfly Garden
Explanation: A butterfly garden is designed to attract butterflies by including nectar-rich plants that provide food and habitat for these pollinators.
23. The first botanical garden in the world was started at Venice in Italy during:
- (a) 1621
- (b) 1543
- (c) 1759
- (d) 1840
Answer: (b) 1543
Explanation: The botanical garden in Padua, Italy, established in 1543, is considered the first of its kind in the world.
24. The oldest botanical garden in Europe is at Leyden in:
- (a) Germany
- (b) Netherlands
- (c) Spain
- (d) France
Answer: (b) Netherlands
Explanation: The Leiden Botanical Garden (Hortus Botanicus) in the Netherlands, founded in 1590, is one of the oldest botanical gardens in Europe.
25. Baradari is an important feature of which garden?
- (a) Mughal
- (b) French
- (c) English
- (d) Chinese
Answer: (a) Mughal
Explanation: A Baradari is a pavilion with twelve doors, a characteristic element in Mughal gardens, designed for open air and ventilation.
26. During the period of Henry-III, gardens in England were of __ style:
- (a) Formal
- (b) Informal
- (c) Wild
- (d) Free
Answer: (a) Formal
Explanation: Henry-III gardens were primarily formal, reflecting geometric layouts and symmetry, a key feature of English Renaissance garden design.
27. Which of the following is not included in Japanese gardens?
- (a) Tea garden
- (b) Hill garden
- (c) Flat garden
- (d) Vertical garden
Answer: (d) Vertical garden
Explanation: Traditional Japanese gardens typically include tea, hill, and flat gardens, but vertical gardens are not part of the traditional design.
28. Baradari is a canopied structure with _ doors.
- (a) 10
- (b) 6
- (c) 12
- (d) 8
Answer: (c) 12
Explanation: A Baradari has 12 doors and is used in Mughal architecture for ventilation and airflow.
29. The Rashtrapati Bhavan garden at New Delhi was laid out by:
- (a) Sir Edwin Lutyens
- (b) Lord Curzon
- (c) Shah Jahan
- (d) Lady Hardinge
Answer: (a) Sir Edwin Lutyens
Explanation: The Mughal Garden at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens, blending Mughal and British garden styles.
30. Sir William Robinson was the first person to develop _ gardening.
- (a) Free
- (b) Wild
- (c) Formal
- (d) Informal
Answer: (b) Wild
Explanation: William Robinson advocated for “wild gardening,” emphasizing natural landscapes and informal planting over structured designs.
31. In which style are all types of garden elements mixed to secure a picturesque effect?
- (a) Formal
- (b) Free
- (c) Wild
- (d) Informal
Answer: (b) Free
Explanation: Free-style gardens blend different types of plants and elements to create a visually appealing, picturesque effect without strict formality.
32. In redefining English gardens from picturesque to a natural style of gardening, who was not associated?
- (a) W Kent
- (b) L Brown
- (c) Queen Elizabeth I
- (d) H Repton
Answer: (c) Queen Elizabeth I
Explanation: Queen Elizabeth I was not involved in the transformation of English garden design, which was primarily influenced by figures like William Kent and Lancelot Brown.
33. Who gave the inspiration through his paintings for informal gardening?
- (a) W Robinson
- (b) H Hoare
- (c) C Lorrain
- (d) Le Notre
Answer: (c) C Lorrain
Explanation: Claude Lorrain, a French painter, inspired informal gardening with his picturesque landscapes that emphasized natural beauty over formality.
34. For which style of gardening is the first plan made on paper and then executed in the field?
- (a) Free
- (b) Wild
- (c) Formal
- (d) Informal
Answer: (c) Formal
Explanation: Formal gardening involves meticulous planning, where designs are created on paper before being implemented in the field.
35. In which style of gardening is the plan forced to fit the land for securing natural beauty?
- (a) Wild
- (b) Formal
- (c) Informal
- (d) None of the above
Answer: (c) Informal
Explanation: Informal gardens are designed to blend with the natural contours of the land, aiming for a more organic, less structured look.
36. Roshnara Park in New Delhi was laid out by __________, a Japanese expert.
(a) Prof. K Mori
(b) Heian
(c) Nara
(d) Muromachi
Answer: (a) Prof. K Mori
Explanation: Prof. K Mori was a Japanese expert who laid out Roshnara Park in New Delhi.
37. Which of the following belong to Japanese style?
(a) Roshnara Park
(b) Buddha Jayanti Park
(c) PM House at Safdarjung
(d) All of these
Answer: (d) All of these
Explanation: All of these parks/gardens were influenced by or related to Japanese style.
38. Botanic Garden, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun was started in __________.
(a) 1934
(b) 1886
(c) 1878
(d) 1894
Answer: (a) 1934
Explanation: The Botanic Garden at the Forest Research Institute in Dehradun was established in 1934.
39. Who was the first Mughal emperor to visit Kashmir?
(a) Jahangir
(b) Babur
(c) Akbar
(d) None of these
Answer: (c) Akbar
Explanation: Akbar was the first Mughal emperor to visit Kashmir during his reign.
40. Shalimar Garden in Kashmir was laid out during the regime of __________.
(a) Jahangir
(b) Akbar
(c) Zafar Khan
(d) Nur Jahan
Answer: (a) Jahangir
Explanation: The Shalimar Garden in Kashmir was laid out during the reign of Emperor Jahangir.
41. Which plant is grown to symbolize death and eternity by Mughals?
(a) Cypress
(b) Kachnar
(c) Chenar
(d) Peach
Answer: (a) Cypress
Explanation: The Cypress tree was a symbol of death and eternity in Mughal gardens due to its evergreen nature.
42. The art of Indian-style gardening reached Japan by __________.
(a) Buddhist Monks
(b) Chinese
(c) Prof. H. Mori
(d) English trackers
Answer: (a) Buddhist Monks
Explanation: Buddhist monks carried the Indian style of gardening to Japan, influencing Japanese garden designs.
43. Which of the following is associated with the life of Lord Buddha?
(a) Saraca indica (Ashoka)
(b) Shorea robusta (Sal)
(c) Butea monosperma (Palas)
(d) All of these
Answer: (d) All of these
Explanation: All these trees are associated with the life of Lord Buddha, with Ashoka being linked to his birth and Sal to his death.
44. Cottage gardens in England were developed by __________.
(a) Le Notre
(b) G. Jekyll
(c) W. Robinson
(d) W. Kent
Answer: (b) G. Jekyll
Explanation: Gertrude Jekyll was a famous British horticulturist known for developing cottage gardens in England.
45. Sayaji Park in Baroda was built during __________.
(a) 1781
(b) 1879
(c) 1872
(d) 1805
Answer: (b) 1879
Explanation: Sayaji Park in Baroda was established in 1879, under the rule of Sayajirao Gaekwad III.
46. Baroda Museum and Planetarium are opened in Sayaji Park during __________.
(a) 1879
(b) 1872
(c) 1878
(d) 1894
Answer: (d) 1894
Explanation: The Baroda Museum and Planetarium were opened in Sayaji Park in 1894.
47. Hyphaene thebaica, a branching palm, is located in __________.
(a) Bombay
(b) Baroda
(c) Coimbatore
(d) Bangalore
Answer: (b) Baroda
Explanation: The Hyphaene thebaica, also known as the Doum Palm, is found in Baroda (Vadodara).
48. Mandore Garden of Jodhpur was established by __________.
(a) Ranjit Singh
(b) Abhai Singh
(c) Fadai Khan
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b) Abhai Singh
Explanation: The Mandore Garden in Jodhpur was established by Maharaja Abhai Singh.
49. Mughal Garden at Pinjore was laid out by __________.
(a) Fadai Khan
(b) Brajendra Singh
(c) Aurangzeb
(d) Ranjeet Singh
Answer: (a) Fadai Khan
Explanation: Fadai Khan, a nobleman in the Mughal court, laid out th
50. Sand garden is known as
- (a) Roji-niwa
- (b) Ratha-seki
- (c) Ryoanji
- (d) Hira-niwa
Answer: (c) Ryoanji
Explanation: Ryoanji is a famous Zen temple in Kyoto, Japan, known for its beautiful sand gardens, representing simplicity and tranquility.
51. In Japanese garden, water is not used in which form?
- (a) Water fall
- (b) Fountain
- (c) Stream
- (d) Drip irrigation
Answer: (d) Drip irrigation
Explanation: Drip irrigation is a modern agricultural technique, not traditionally used in Japanese gardens where natural water features like waterfalls and streams are common.
52. Lal Bagh garden is located at
- (a) Delhi
- (b) Bangalore
- (c) Calcutta
- (d) Pune
Answer: (b) Bangalore
Explanation: Lal Bagh is a renowned botanical garden in Bangalore, famous for its glass house and annual flower shows.
53. Lal Bagh garden was laid down by
- (a) Tipu Sultan
- (b) Hyder Ali
- (c) Lord Curzon
- (d) None of above
Answer: (b) Hyder Ali
Explanation: Hyder Ali, the ruler of Mysore, initiated the development of Lal Bagh in 1760, and it was later completed by his son Tipu Sultan.
54. Brindavan garden was laid down near __ river.
- (a) Krishna
- (b) Brahmaputra
- (c) Cauvery
- (d) None of above
Answer: (c) Cauvery
Explanation: Brindavan Gardens, located in Mysore, Karnataka, is built along the banks of the Cauvery River, near the Krishnarajasagara Dam.
55. Govt. Botanic Garden, Ootacamund started functioning in
- (a) 1905
- (b) 1848
- (c) 1921
- (d) 1760
Answer: (b) 1848
Explanation: The Government Botanical Garden in Ooty was established in 1848 and is known for its stunning landscapes and rich collection of plants.
56. Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Botanic Garden at Ootacamund?
- (a) Bog garden
- (b) Bandstand
- (c) Rockery
- (d) Glasshouse
Answer: (a) Bog garden
Explanation: Ooty Botanical Garden does not feature a bog garden; it is more famous for its glasshouse, rockeries, and bandstand.
57. Sim’s Park is located at
- (a) Madurai
- (b) Ootacamund
- (c) Coonoor
- (d) Chennai
Answer: (c) Coonoor
Explanation: Sim’s Park is a well-known botanical garden in Coonoor, Tamil Nadu, offering a unique variety of exotic plant species.
58. Botanic garden Coimbatore is the office of
- (a) TNAU
- (b) DC
- (c) Director, Horticulture
- (d) None of above
Answer: (a) TNAU
Explanation: The Botanical Garden in Coimbatore is maintained by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU).
59. Department of Agriculture, Madras established the garden at
- (a) Ootacamund
- (b) Madurai
- (c) Coimbatore
- (d) None of above
Answer: (c) Coimbatore
Explanation: The Department of Agriculture, Madras, played a key role in the establishment of the Botanical Garden at Coimbatore.
60. Byrari Park is situated at
- (a) Rameshwaram
- (b) Coonoor
- (c) Kodai kanal
- (d) Trichy
Answer: (c) Kodai kanal
Explanation: Byrari Park is located in Kodaikanal, a popular hill station in Tamil Nadu.
61. Indian Botanic garden is located opposite to river
- (a) Ganga
- (b) Brahmaputra
- (c) Hooghly
- (d) None of above
Answer: (c) Hooghly
Explanation: The Indian Botanic Garden in Howrah, West Bengal, is located on the west bank of the Hooghly River.
62. The Agri-Horticultural Society garden, Calcutta established in
- (a) 1805
- (b) 1820
- (c) 1861
- (d) 1827
Answer: (d) 1827
Explanation: The Agri-Horticultural Society of India was founded in 1820, and its garden in Kolkata was established in 1827.
63. Indian Botanic garden, Sibpore, Kolkata was established in
- (a) 1727
- (b) 1737
- (c) 1787
- (d) 1805
Answer: (c) 1787
Explanation: The Indian Botanic Garden in Sibpore, Kolkata, was founded in 1787 by Colonel Kyd.
64. Oldest banyan tree is located in which garden?
- (a) Indian Botanic Garden, Sibpore, Kolkata
- (b) Lalbagh Garden, Bangalore
- (c) Agri-Horti Society Garden, Kolkata
- (d) Lloyd Botanic Garden, Darjeeling
Answer: (a) Indian Botanic Garden, Sibpore, Kolkata
Explanation: The Indian Botanic Garden in Sibpore, Kolkata, is home to one of the oldest and largest banyan trees in the world.
65. The collection of plants maintained at Agri-Horticultural Society Garden was maintained by
- (a) Sir Percy Lancaster
- (b) Sir George King
- (c) Dr. H. Biswas
- (d) None of above
Answer: (a) Sir Percy Lancaster
Explanation: Sir Percy Lancaster was instrumental in maintaining the plant collections at the Agri-Horticultural Society Garden in Kolkata.
66. Lloyd Botanic Garden, Darjeeling was maintained by
- (a) Sir George King
- (b) Dr. N. Wallich
- (c) Dr. W. Hooker
- (d) None of above
Answer: (a) Sir George King
Explanation: Sir George King, a notable botanist, played a major role in the development of the Lloyd Botanic Garden in Darjeeling.
67. Lloyd Botanic garden was established in
- (a) 1372
- (b) 1787
- (c) 1805
- (d) 1878
Answer: (d) 1878
Explanation: Lloyd Botanic Garden in Darjeeling was established in 1878 to conserve the rich flora of the region.
68. Asaf Jahan, brother of Nur Jahan, built the garden of:
(a) Nishat Bagh
(b) Chashma-e-Shahi
(c) Achhabal
(d) Verinag
Answer: (a) Nishat Bagh
Explanation: Nishat Bagh was built by Asaf Khan, Nur Jahan’s brother, in the Mughal era.
69. Chashma-e-Shahi garden was built by:
(a) Fadai Khan
(b) Ali Mardan Khan
(c) Ranbir Singh
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b) Ali Mardan Khan
Explanation: The Chashma-e-Shahi garden was designed by Ali Mardan Khan, a noble in the Mughal court.
70. Verinag garden was started by:
(a) Shah Jahan
(b) Akbar
(c) Jahangir
(d) Nur Jahan
Answer: (c) Jahangir
Explanation: Verinag Garden was initiated by Emperor Jahangir, known for his passion for nature and gardens.
71. Achhabal garden was built by _ in 1620.
(a) Nur Jahan
(b) Jahangir
(c) Shah Jahan
(d) None
Answer: (b) Jahangir
Explanation: Jahangir is credited with the construction of the Achhabal garden, a significant part of Mughal garden history.
72. Bijbehara garden was constructed by:
(a) Shah Jahan
(b) Dara Shikoh
(c) Maharaja Ranjeet Singh
(d) Aurangzeb
Answer: (b) Dara Shikoh
Explanation: Dara Shikoh, the eldest son of Shah Jahan, is known to have constructed the Bijbehara garden.
73. Le Nôtre developed which type of gardens?
(a) Italian
(b) English
(c) French
(d) Japanese
Answer: (c) French
Explanation: André Le Nôtre was a French landscape architect who is best known for his work on the gardens of Versailles.
74. Who was the first Mughal emperor to develop Mughal gardens in India?
(a) Akbar
(b) Shah Jahan
(c) Babur
(d) Jahangir
Answer: (c) Babur
Explanation: Babur was the first Mughal emperor to introduce the concept of Persian-style gardens in India.
75. Which of the following is not a part of Japanese gardens?
(a) Hill garden
(b) Sand garden
(c) Tea garden
(d) Bog garden
Answer: (d) Bog garden
Explanation: Japanese gardens typically feature elements like hill gardens, sand gardens, and tea gardens, but not bog gardens.
76. In the Japanese language, a flat garden is known as:
(a) Roji-niwa
(b) Hira-niwa
(c) Raithai-seki
(d) Uchi-roji
Answer: (b) Hira-niwa
Explanation: Hira-niwa refers to a flat or level garden in the traditional Japanese garden style.