- What is the average annual rainfall in India?
- A) 1200 mm
- B) 1190 mm
- C) 1000 mm
- D) 1100 mm
Answer: B) 1190 mm
Explanation: The average annual rainfall in India is recorded as 1190 mm.
- What is the total geographical area of India?
- A) 400 mha
- B) 500 mha
- C) 329 mha
- D) 250 mha
Answer: C) 329 mha
Explanation: The total geographical area of India is 329 million hectares (mha).
- What is the generated rainfall volume in India?
- A) 400 mha-m
- B) 185 mha-m
- C) 150 mha-m
- D) 200 mha-m
Answer: A) 400 mha-m
Explanation: India generates a rainfall volume of 400 million hectare-meters (mha-m).
- Which basin has the maximum area under irrigation in India?
- A) Ganga basin
- B) Brahmaputra basin
- C) Krishna basin
- D) Narmada basin
Answer: A) Ganga basin
Explanation: The Ganga basin has the maximum area under irrigation.
- Where does the maximum average annual runoff occur?
- A) Krishna basin
- B) Brahmaputra basin
- C) Ganga basin
- D) Narmada basin
Answer: B) Brahmaputra basin
Explanation: The Brahmaputra basin has the maximum average annual runoff.
- What is the gross irrigated area in India?
- A) 76 mha
- B) 57 mha
- C) 85 mha
- D) 100 mha
Answer: A) 76 mha
Explanation: The gross irrigated area in India is 76 million hectares.
- What is the total cropped area in India?
- A) 100 mha
- B) 165 mha
- C) 185.48 mha
- D) 200 mha
Answer: C) 185.48 mha
Explanation: The total cropped area is 185.48 million hectares.
- What is the net cropped area in India?
- A) 150 mha
- B) 100 mha
- C) 142.51 mha
- D) 125 mha
Answer: C) 142.51 mha
Explanation: The net cropped area in India is 142.51 million hectares.
- What is the area sown more than once in India?
- A) 50 mha
- B) 60 mha
- C) 42.97 mha
- D) 75 mha
Answer: C) 42.97 mha
Explanation: The area sown more than once is 42.97 million hectares.
- What is the cropping intensity in India?
- A) 100%
- B) 125%
- C) 135.1%
- D) 145%
Answer: C) 135.1%
Explanation: Cropping intensity refers to the ratio of gross cropped area to net cropped area, which is 135.1% in India.
- What is the total degraded land in India?
- A) 150 mha
- B) 175 mha
- C) 100 mha
- D) 200 mha
Answer: B) 175 mha
Explanation: India has 175 million hectares of degraded land.
- What is the severely degraded land in India?
- A) 60 mha
- B) 70 mha
- C) 50 mha
- D) 65 mha
Answer: D) 65 mha
Explanation: Severely degraded land in India is estimated at 65 million hectares.
- What percentage of the total geographical area is under forest?
- A) 25%
- B) 33%
- C) 15%
- D) 40%
Answer: B) 33%
Explanation: Approximately 33% of India’s geographical area is under forest.
- What is the optimum forest area required?
- A) 10%
- B) 6.15%
- C) 5%
- D) 8%
Answer: B) 6.15%
Explanation: The optimum forest area required is 6.15% of the cropped area.
- What is the average food grain production per hectare in India?
- A) 2000 kg/ha
- B) 1500 kg/ha
- C) 1552 kg/ha
- D) 1200 kg/ha
Answer: C) 1552 kg/ha
Explanation: The average food grain production is 1552 kilograms per hectare.
- What is the net availability of food grain per annum in India?
- A) 200 kg
- B) 167.2 kg
- C) 180 kg
- D) 150 kg
Answer: B) 167.2 kg
Explanation: The net availability of food grains per annum is 167.2 kg per person.
- What is the net availability of cereals per day in India?
- A) 500 g
- B) 391 g
- C) 350 g
- D) 300 g
Answer: B) 391 g/capita/day
Explanation: The net availability of cereals per day is 391 grams per capita.
- What is the net availability of pulses per day in India?
- A) 20 g
- B) 30 g
- C) 26.4 g
- D) 40 g
Answer: C) 26.4 g/capita/day
Explanation: The net availability of pulses per day is 26.4 grams per capita.
- What is the total area under horticultural crops in India?
- A) 12 mha
- B) 15 mha
- C) 10 mha
- D) 18 mha
Answer: A) 12 mha
Explanation: The total area under horticultural crops is 12 million hectares.
- What percentage of the total cropped area is under horticultural crops?
- A) 7%
- B) 10%
- C) 5%
- D) 15%
Answer: A) 7%
Explanation: 7% of the total cropped area is under horticultural crops.
- What is the area under pasture and grazing lands in India?
- A) 10 mha
- B) 12 mha
- C) 11.30 mha
- D) 9 mha
Answer: C) 11.30 mha
Explanation: The area under pasture and grazing lands is 11.30 million hectares.
- What percentage of the total geographical area is under pasture and grazing lands?
- A) 4%
- B) 5%
- C) 3%
- D) 2%
Answer: A) 4%
Explanation: 4% of the total geographical area is under pasture and grazing lands.
- What is the area under cultivable waste lands in India?
- A) 12 mha
- B) 14.63 mha
- C) 10 mha
- D) 8 mha
Answer: B) 14.63 mha
Explanation: The area under cultivable waste lands is 14.63 million hectares.
- Which crop has the maximum production under fruit crops?
- A) Mango
- B) Banana
- C) Apple
- D) Grapes
Answer: B) Banana
Explanation: Bananas have the maximum production among fruit crops.
- Which crop has the maximum area under fruit crops?
- A) Banana
- B) Mango
- C) Orange
- D) Guava
Answer: B) Mango
Explanation: Mangoes occupy the maximum area under fruit crops.
26. What is the total fruit production in India?
- A) 47.5 million tons
- B) 90.0 million tons
- C) 88 million tons
- D) 17.0 million tons
Answer: A
Explanation: According to the provided data, India produces 47.5 million tons of fruits annually, contributing significantly to global fruit production.
27. What percentage of global milk production does India contribute?
- A) 10.5%
- B) 15.2%
- C) 25.8%
- D) 5.3%
Answer: B
Explanation: India is the largest milk producer in the world, contributing 15.2% of the global milk production, making it a key player in the dairy industry.
28. What is the average daily milk availability in India per person?
- A) 232 grams
- B) 280 grams
- C) 300 grams
- D) 340 grams
Answer: A
Explanation: The average availability of milk in India is 232 grams per person per day, which is lower than the global average but contributes to the country’s high self-sufficiency in dairy products.
29. What is the minimum daily requirement of milk in India?
- A) 200 grams
- B) 232 grams
- C) 280 grams
- D) 340 grams
Answer: C
Explanation: The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) recommends a minimum milk consumption of 280 grams per person per day to meet the nutritional needs, especially for calcium and protein.
30. How much area is under minor irrigation in India?
- A) 1 million hectares
- B) 15.0 million hectares
- C) 3.45 million hectares
- D) 5.5 million hectares
Answer: B
Explanation: In India, 15 million hectares of agricultural land are under minor irrigation, which includes wells and tube wells, helping farmers access water for crop production.
31. What is the area under drip irrigation in Maharashtra?
- A) 1,000 hectares
- B) 3,45,500 hectares
- C) 2 million hectares
- D) 500,000 hectares
Answer: B
Explanation: Maharashtra has an extensive area under drip irrigation (3,45,500 hectares), which conserves water and increases crop yields, particularly for water-intensive crops like sugarcane.
32. Which state has the highest fertilizer consumption per unit of cropped area?
- A) Andhra Pradesh
- B) Punjab
- C) Maharashtra
- D) Uttar Pradesh
Answer: B
Explanation: Punjab has the highest fertilizer consumption, with 181 kg/ha. This is due to its intensive farming practices, particularly for crops like wheat and rice.
33. Which state has the lowest fertilizer consumption per unit of cropped area?
- A) Tamil Nadu
- B) Kerala
- C) Andhra Pradesh
- D) Gujarat
Answer: C
Explanation: Andhra Pradesh records the lowest fertilizer consumption at 1.5 kg/ha, likely due to a shift toward organic farming and sustainable agricultural practices.
34. What is the total fertilizer consumption in India?
- A) 12 million tons
- B) 10 million tons
- C) 17 million tons
- D) 20 million tons
Answer: C
Explanation: India consumes 17 million tons of fertilizers annually to support its agriculture sector, which is essential for ensuring high crop yields for food security.
35. Which state has the highest fertilizer consumption in India?
- A) Maharashtra
- B) Tamil Nadu
- C) Uttar Pradesh
- D) Punjab
Answer: C
Explanation: Uttar Pradesh consumes the highest amount of fertilizers in India, partly due to its vast agricultural area and extensive cultivation of crops like wheat and sugarcane.
36. What percentage of India’s cultivated area is irrigated?
- A) 30%
- B) 40%
- C) 50%
- D) 60%
Answer: B
Explanation: About 40% of India’s cultivated land is under irrigation, ensuring consistent water supply for crops, while the remaining 60% depends on rainfall.
37. Which state has the maximum area under irrigation?
- A) Tamil Nadu
- B) Punjab
- C) Gujarat
- D) Kerala
Answer: B
Explanation: Punjab has the maximum area under irrigation (92.7% of its cultivated area), largely due to its extensive canal systems and tube wells.
38. What is the major source of irrigation in India?
- A) Wells
- B) Tanks
- C) Canals
- D) Rainwater harvesting
Answer: C
Explanation: Canals are the major source of irrigation in India, providing water to large areas of cultivated land, especially in northern states like Punjab and Uttar Pradesh.
39. How many electric pumps are there in India for agricultural purposes?
- A) 500,000
- B) 1 million
- C) 2 million
- D) 5 million
Answer: B
Explanation: There are about 1 million electric pumps used in Indian agriculture, which help farmers draw groundwater for irrigation purposes.
40. What is the average size of an operational landholding in India?
- A) 0.50 hectares
- B) 0.75 hectares
- C) 1.57 hectares
- D) 2 hectares
Answer: C
Explanation: The average size of an operational landholding in India is 1.57 hectares, reflecting the fragmented nature of Indian agriculture due to inheritance laws and land distribution.
41. Which state has the largest average size of operational landholding?
- A) Punjab
- B) Nagaland
- C) Haryana
- D) Rajasthan
Answer: B
Explanation: Nagaland has the largest average operational landholding size of 6.82 hectares, which is much larger compared to other states due to its lower population density and traditional land ownership patterns.
42. What is the estimated number of farm operational holdings in India?
- A) 50 million
- B) 80 million
- C) 100.6 million
- D) 150 million
Answer: C
Explanation: India has approximately 106.6 million farm operational holdings, reflecting the country’s extensive agricultural base with many small and marginal farmers.
43. What is the estimated annual soil loss due to erosion in India?
- A) 2 million tons
- B) 5.334 million tons
- C) 7 million tons
- D) 10 million tons
Answer: B
Explanation: India faces an annual soil loss of 5.334 million tons due to erosion, impacting agricultural productivity and long-term sustainability of the land.
44. What is the per capita water availability in India?
- A) 1500 cu.m per person
- B) 2000 cu.m per person
- C) 2200 cu.m per person
- D) 2500 cu.m per person
Answer: C
Explanation: Per capita water availability in India is approximately 2200 cu.m, which has been declining due to population growth and increasing water demand.
45. What percentage of fresh water on Earth is found in India?
- A) 2.5%
- B) 3.0%
- C) 2.8%
- D) 5.0%
Answer: C
Explanation: India has access to about 2.8% of the world’s fresh water resources, which it needs to judiciously manage to support its large population and agricultural sector.
46. How often is the Agricultural and Livestock Census conducted in India?
- A) Every 5 years
- B) Every 10 years
- C) Every 2 years
- D) Every 3 years
Answer: A
Explanation: The Agricultural and Livestock Census in India is conducted every 5 years to collect data on the structural characteristics of agriculture and livestock in the country.
47. Which state has the highest population living below the poverty line?
- A) Bihar
- B) Madhya Pradesh
- C) Uttar Pradesh
- D) West Bengal
Answer: C
Explanation: Uttar Pradesh has the highest population below the poverty line, with 529.89 lakh people living under the poverty threshold, which poses significant challenges for food security and rural development.
48. What is the total population below the poverty line in India?
- A) 2000 lakh
- B) 2602.50 lakh
- C) 3000 lakh
- D) 1500 lakh
Answer: B
Explanation: India has an estimated 2602.50 lakh people living below the poverty line, accounting for 26.10% of the total population, highlighting the socio-economic issues faced by the country.
49. How often is the population below the poverty line estimated in India?
- A) Every 2 years
- B) Every 3 years
- C) Every 5 years
- D) Every 10 years
Answer: C - Explanation: The population below the poverty line in India is estimated every 5 years through surveys conducted by government bodies such as the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO). This helps in tracking poverty trends and planning welfare measures.
50. What is the percentage of agricultural exports to total exports from India in 2003-04?
- A) 5.3%
- B) 11.8%
- C) 15.2%
- D) 20.0%
Answer: B
Explanation: In 2003-04, agricultural exports contributed 11.8% to India’s total exports, showing the significance of agriculture in the country’s overall trade balance.